OECD Co-operative Research Programme sponsored workshop - supplement to Volume 40 (2010)


Cover image (OECD workshop - Volume 40 supplement)  

OECD  Co-operative Research Programme sponsored workshop

This supplement to volume 40 of the New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science contains the proceedings of the OECD Co-operative Research Programme sponsored workshop held on 17 March 2009 during the IUFRO International Forest Biosecurity Conference, 16-20 March 2009, Rotorua, New Zealand.

Updated 4 March 2010


Content Snapshots. Period: 21 December 2009 – 4 March 2010

15 documents, showing page 2 of 2 Show page: 1 2
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    Exploiting the Achilles Heels of Pest Invasions: Allee Effects, Stratified Dispersal and Management of Forest Insect Establishment and Spread.

    Liebhold and Tobin (pp. S25-S33) argue that two traits common to many invading species can be exploited in the design of eradication and containment strategies. The first trait is the Allee effect, in which per capita growth rates decline with decreasing abundance. The second trait is stratified dispersal, in which occasional long-distance dispersal results in the formation of isolated colonies ahead of the continuously infested range boundary.
    Author(s) Liebhold, A. M., & Tobin, P. C.
    Publication Date 19/02/2010
    Conference Conference paper
    ISSN 1179-5395
    File size 797.7 kb
    Volume 40 suppl.
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    Given the increasing problem of invasions by forest insects, there is an urgent need to develop effective strategies for managing them. Trends of escalating globalisation impede ongoing efforts to limit the arrival of new species. Consequently, either preventing establishment (through eradication) or limiting the spread of alien species are likely to play increasingly important roles. Here we argue that two traits common to many invading species can be exploited in the design of eradication and containment strategies. The first trait is the Allee effect, in which per capita growth rates decline with decreasing abundance. Allee effects can arise from several different mechanisms and are capable of driving low-density populations to extinction. Strategies to eradicate newly established populations should focus on either enhancing Allee effects or suppressing populations below Allee thresholds such that extinction proceeds without further intervention. The second trait is stratified dispersal, in which occasional long-distance dispersal results in the formation of isolated colonies ahead of the continuously infested range boundary. These colonies grow, coalesce and greatly increase spread rates. An efficient approach to containing the spread of invading species focuses on locating and eradicating these isolated colonies. Thus, Allee effects and stratified dispersal both represent 'weak links' in the invasion process that can be exploited in invasion management strategies.
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    Potential of Induced Resistance as a Tool for the Management of Pathogens and Insects in Trees - an Ecological Viewpoint

    Bonello (pp.S15-S24) discusses the potential of induced resistance as a tool for the management of pathogens and insects in trees
    Author(s) Bonello, P.
    Publication Date 12/01/2010
    Conference Conference Paper
    ISSN 1179-5395
    File size 624.2 kb
    Volume 40 suppl.
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    Under natural conditions, forest ecosystems are usually stable, despite the constant presence of arthropods and pathogens inherently capable of killing their tree hosts. It is likely that the phenotypic plasticity of trees, which includes inducible resistance mechanisms against attacking organisms, plays a crucial role in these interactions. Systemic induced resistance may be a common and important phenomenon in forest trees, one that allows for balanced partitioning of available resources between growth and defence. However, such physiological tradeoffs are affected by environmental variables, such as resource availability (e.g. nutrients, water, light) as well as by silvicultural activities. There is also evidence that systemic induced resistance or its counterpart, systemic induced susceptibility, may be operative concurrently in the same tree, depending on the specific organs under attack. Lastly, all these host responses can be strongly modulated by systemic cross-effects between pathogens and/or insects.
    While it is established that trees possess systemically inducible defences, it is still uncertain how this knowledge might be applied to control forest pathogens and insects. This is complicated by the classic approaches used for the silvicultural control of pests, which are fundamentally centred on the assumption that plants characterised by higher vigour are also less stressed and thus more resistant to attack. In many cases, this is a fallacious premise.
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    Forest Biosecurity - a forest manager's viewpoint

    Hammond (pp. S11-S14) discusses the relationship between biosecurity managers and scientists. He concludes that biosecurity managers need to fund core science capability for the long term so it will always be available when needed, while scientists need to be flexible and responsive to biosecurity priorities.
    Author(s) Hammond, D.
    Publication Date 24/12/2009
    Conference Special Contribution
    ISSN 1179-5395
    File size 625.0 kb
    Volume 40 suppl.
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    not available
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    Forest Biosecurity - a policymaker's viewpoint

    Peter Thomson Director Post-Border, MAF Biosecurity New Zealand (pp. S5-S9) discusses how achieving greater integration of science and policy is essential to achieving better results in biosecurity. Progress is being made to ensure that policy decisions are informed by science and deliver positive results in the management of biosecurity risks.
    Author(s) Thomson, P.
    Publication Date 22/12/2009
    Conference Special Contribution
    ISSN 1179-5395
    File size 635.9 kb
    Volume 40 suppl.
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    not available
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    Foreword

    Richardson and Hood (pp. S3-S4) introduce the the proceedings of a workshop at the IUFRO International Forest Biosecurity Conference held in Rotorua, New Zealand on 17 March 2009 sponsored by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
    Author(s) Richardson, B., & Hood, I. A.
    Publication Date 21/12/2009
    Conference Foreword
    ISSN 1179-5395
    File size 543.5 kb
    Volume 40 suppl.
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15 documents, showing page 2 of 2 Show page: 1 2